A Scoping Review of Measurement Tools Evaluating Awareness and Disease-Related Knowledge in Peripheral Arterial Disease Patients.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is the third leading cause of atherosclerotic cardiovascular morbidity worldwide, with high prevalence and associated complications, and is often overlooked and undertreated. Research has shown that there is a profound lack of PAD-related knowledge and awareness; additionally, information sources are not often reliable and accessible. The objective of this scoping review was: (1) to identify and critically appraise instruments that measure patients' disease-related knowledge/awareness about PAD, and (2) to characterize the current state of knowledge/awareness levels among these patients. METHODS: This systematic review was conducted and reported in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Six databases (APA PsycInfo, CINAHL Ultimate, Embase, Emcare Nursing, Medline ALL and Web of Science Core Collection) were searched, and search strategies were developed utilizing the PICO framework. Potential studies of any methodological design were considered for inclusion through a snowball hand search. Data from the included articles were extracted by a reviewer, and the extraction accuracy was independently cross-checked by another author. RESULTS: The initial database search yielded 9832 records, of which sixteen studies (thirteen quantitative and three qualitative) were included. Only three questionnaires had their psychometric properties assessed. Questionnaire items focused on the following topics: definition/characteristics, risk factors/causes, treatment, complications, and personal issues regarding the perception/management of the disease. Overall, knowledge/awareness about PAD was low among patients. CONCLUSIONS: This study identified major gaps in PAD education, including the lack of availability of a validated measurement tool addressing all educational topics relevant to care and low knowledge/awareness of patients about their condition.

Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric properties of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the DiAbeTes Education Questionnaire (DATE-Q).

BACKGROUND: The DiAbeTes Education Questionnaire (DATE-Q) is a self-administered tool developed to evaluate disease-related knowledge and to assess knowledge of five core components of rehabilitation programs: physical exercise, diet, psychosocial well-being, disease self-management, and complications. OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt into Brazilian Portuguese, and to test the psychometric properties of the DATE-Q for its use in Brazil. METHODS: The process of translation and cross-cultural adaptation consisted of five steps: translation into Brazilian Portuguese, synthesis of translation, back translation, expert committee, and pilot test of pre-final version. The pre-final version was applied to a sample of 30 patients with diabetes. Psychometric properties (internal consistency, reliability, construct validity, and ceiling and floor effects) of the final version of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the DATE-Q were tested in a sample of 200 adults with diabetes. RESULTS: There was no conceptual divergence between the original and the translated versions. Ten (50%) items of the DATE-Q were culturally adapted. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.6), reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.5), and construct validity (correlation between Diabetes Knowledge Scales and DATE-Q total scores: ρ = 0.7; P < 0.001) were confirmed. Ceiling or floor effects were not identified. The highest scoring item was about healthy eating. The average time for completion of the DATE-Q was 5 min and 51 s, and the completion rate was 100% for all items. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Portuguese version of the DATE-Q showed adequate psychometric properties, and results suggested that the tool can be used to assess disease-related knowledge in adults with diabetes in Brazil.